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What is the JCPOA? The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal, was a landmark agreement finalized in July 2015 between Iran and the P5+1 countries — the United States, United Kingdom, France, Russia, China, and Germany — along with the European Union. The goal was to ensure that […]

What is Political Thought? Political thought is the study of ideas, theories, and principles about power, government, justice, and how societies are organized and governed. Political thought is one of the oldest and most important fields of study in human history. It deals with ideas, theories, and principles that help us understand how societies are

Introduction ChatGPT said: The French Revolution (1789-1799) was a defining moment in the history of human rights, as it laid the foundation for modern democratic principles and individual freedoms. Rooted in the ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity, the revolution sought to dismantle the oppressive monarchy and establish a government based on the rights of

Introduction In today’s digital world, everything we do online leaves a trace. From social media posts and news articles to court records and financial transactions, our digital footprints remain permanent, accessible to anyone with an internet connection. While this accessibility promotes transparency and accountability, it also poses a significant risk to personal privacy and reputation.

I. What is Judicial Activism Judicial activism refers to the proactive role played by the judiciary in interpreting and applying laws to address societal issues, often stepping beyond traditional boundaries to uphold justice, protect fundamental rights, and ensure the rule of law. This approach enables courts to influence public policy and effect social change, especially

Introduction The Declaration of Human Duties and Responsibilities (DHDR) is a significant international document that complements human rights by emphasizing the responsibilities individuals and nations hold toward society, the environment, and future generations. While human rights frameworks, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), primarily focus on the entitlements of individuals, the DHDR

Environmental justice is a crucial aspect of human rights, law, and governance, ensuring that all people, regardless of socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or nationality, have access to a clean and safe environment. Over the years, courts worldwide have played a pivotal role in shaping environmental jurisprudence, holding governments and corporations accountable for environmental degradation. This article

1. The Supreme Court of India The Supreme Court of India stands as the highest judicial authority in the country, ensuring justice, constitutional supremacy, and the protection of fundamental rights in the world’s largest democracy. Established under the Constitution of India, it serves as the final interpreter of the law, upholding democratic values and ensuring

1. Introduction The principles of Equality Before Law and Equal Protection of Law form the cornerstone of modern legal frameworks, ensuring justice, fairness, and non-discrimination in societies worldwide. While these concepts are often used interchangeably, they possess distinct meanings and implications in legal discourse. This article provides an in-depth exploration of these principles by defining

The concepts of the “rule of law” and “rule by law” are foundational to understanding the nature of governance, justice, and the relationship between the state and its citizens. While these terms may sound similar, they represent fundamentally different approaches to the application of law in society. This article explores the definitions, historical evolution, differences,

Introduction The concept of “Due Process of Law” is a fundamental principle in legal systems that ensures the fair treatment of individuals under the law. It acts as a safeguard against arbitrary denial of life, liberty, or property by the government. Originating from the Magna Carta (1215), this principle has evolved significantly, becoming an essential