HumanRights

Introduction Human rights have traditionally focused on tangible and visible violations—torture, imprisonment, censorship, and discrimination. However, as societies evolve and the understanding of psychological well-being deepens, there is a growing recognition that mental peace and freedom from emotional abuse must also be enshrined as fundamental human rights. Emotional abuse, while less visible than physical violence,

1. Introduction Minority rights have evolved as a crucial component of international human rights law. They seek to ensure that individuals who belong to minority groups are not marginalized, discriminated against, or denied opportunities to preserve their distinct cultural, religious, linguistic, and ethnic identities. The evolution of minority rights reflects the transition from a state-centric

Introduction The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights—commonly referred to as the Banjul Charter—stands as a landmark legal instrument that defines the contours of human rights within Africa. Adopted on June 27, 1981, by the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) and coming into force on October 21, 1986, the African Charter on Human Rights