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India Pakistan Ceasefires

The Fragile Peace: A History of India Pakistan Ceasefires (1947-2025)

The India-Pakistan ceasefires stand significant in international relations, highlighting the fragile peace between two nuclear-armed states and underscoring the urgent global stakes of conflict de-escalation in South Asia. The history of India-Pakistan relations has been marked by recurring cycles of conflict and temporary peace. Since the partition of British India in 1947, both nations have […]

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Ceasefire

Ceasefire: Legal and Political Dimensions in International Law and International Relations

The concept of ceasefire occupies a critical space in both international law and diplomatic practice. It represents a temporary or permanent suspension of hostilities between warring parties, often with the aim of creating conditions conducive to peace negotiations or humanitarian relief. While often used interchangeably with terms like truce, armistice, or peace agreement, each term

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1971 Indo-Pak War

1971 Indo-Pak War and the Birth of Bangladesh: A Turning Point in South Asian Politics

The 1971 Indo-Pak war remains one of the most significant and transformative events in South Asian history. More than just a military conflict, it marked the end of a long-standing internal crisis within Pakistan and gave birth to a new nation, Bangladesh. It also reshaped regional politics, redefined India’s role on the global stage, and

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Mock Drills

Mock Drills as Strategic Signaling: The Role of Simulated Exercises in International Relations

Mock Drills In the lexicon of international diplomacy and defense, military and civil mock drills have long transcended their original purpose of preparedness. Today, they serve as a potent tool of strategic signaling in the international system. From NATO’s war games in Eastern Europe to Indo-Pacific joint naval exercises, mock drills often act as choreographed

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Caste Census

Why Does Caste Still Dominate Indian Politics and Policy? It’s Time to Ask Bigger Questions

When the Union government recently announced that the upcoming Census would include caste enumeration, the country witnessed a wave of celebration, especially from opposition parties and social justice advocates. “Historic,” many called it. Others declared it a political win for the opposition, which had long demanded the move. But amidst the noise of victory, data,

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U.S. Reciprocal Tariffs

The Global Ripple: U.S. Reciprocal Tariffs and Their Far-Reaching Impacts​

On April 2, 2025, President Donald Trump stunned the global economic community by declaring what he termed “Liberation Day,” a bold pivot in U.S. trade policy. Through Executive Order 14257, the administration introduced a sweeping set of U.S. reciprocal tariffs—beginning with a universal 10% levy on most imported goods, followed by sharply higher, country-specific “reciprocal”

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Political Thought Explained: Meaning, Definitions, Origins, and Its Lasting Impact on Society

What is Political Thought? Political thought is the study of ideas, theories, and principles about power, government, justice, and how societies are organized and governed. Political thought is one of the oldest and most important fields of study in human history. It deals with ideas, theories, and principles that help us understand how societies are

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The French Revolution: A Transformative Epoch in Modern History

Introduction The French Revolution (1789-1799) was a defining moment in the history of human rights, as it laid the foundation for modern democratic principles and individual freedoms. Rooted in the ideals of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity, the revolution sought to dismantle the oppressive monarchy and establish a government based on the rights of the people.

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The Right to Be Forgotten: Balancing Digital Privacy and Public Interest in the Modern World

Introduction In today’s digital world, everything we do online leaves a trace. From social media posts and news articles to court records and financial transactions, our digital footprints remain permanent, accessible to anyone with an internet connection. While this accessibility promotes transparency and accountability, it also poses a significant risk to personal privacy and reputation.

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Judicial Activism: A Catalyst for Justice, Rule of Law, and Human Rights

I. What is Judicial Activism Judicial activism refers to the proactive role played by the judiciary in interpreting and applying laws to address societal issues, often stepping beyond traditional boundaries to uphold justice, protect fundamental rights, and ensure the rule of law. This approach enables courts to influence public policy and effect social change, especially

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Exploring the Declaration of Human Duties and Responsibilities

Introduction The Declaration of Human Duties and Responsibilities (DHDR) is a significant international document that complements human rights by emphasizing the responsibilities individuals and nations hold toward society, the environment, and future generations. While human rights frameworks, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), primarily focus on the entitlements of individuals, the DHDR

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Landmark Environmental Justice Cases: Impacts and Implications

Environmental justice is a crucial aspect of human rights, law, and governance, ensuring that all people, regardless of socioeconomic status, ethnicity, or nationality, have access to a clean and safe environment. Over the years, courts worldwide have played a pivotal role in shaping environmental jurisprudence, holding governments and corporations accountable for environmental degradation. This article

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